![]() The participant is instructed to attend (attended channel) the information coming from one of the ear pieces and neglect (unattended channel) the information presented from the other. In a typical dichotic listening paradigm, the participant is wearing a headphone, in which a different auditory stimuli are presented to each ear at the same time, and the participant’s attention is divided. It is widely used as it is a non-invasive method of testing cerebral dominance. This task has been used extensively to test numerous psychological phenonomena such as response times of specific auditory information, as well as testing for attended and unattended information presented to a participant. Filter theory reflects an early selection theory because certain information is selected and attended to at a very early stage of information processing.ĭuring his experimentation, Broadbent made use of the dichotic listening test. Information selected to pass through the filter is then available for short-term memory and manipulation of the selected information, prior to storage in long-term memory.įilter theory then postulates that a selective filter is needed to cope with the overwhelming amount of information entering the channels, such that certain messages must be inhibited or filtered out from the messages that were filtered for further processing. If one is attempting to attend to a stimulus based on their current goals, they will employ voluntary attention whereas if a sensory event catches one’s attention, reflexive attention will be employed. Channel selection is guided through attention. When developing his model, Broadbent emphasized the splitting of incoming stimuli to attended or unattended channels. Further, goal-directed behaviour requires attention to be controlled hence a high degree of selectivity is put forth in the information-processing stream. Therefore, based on physical characteristics, the selective filter allows for certain stimuli to pass through the filter for further processing, while unattended stimuli will be filtered out and lost. ![]() Unlike the physical properties, Broadbent believed semantic features, due to their complexity, would impose a limited capacity on the temporary storehouse of incoming stimuli. These basic characteristics can include pitch, color, loudness, and direction. Broadbent stated that all stimuli are processed initially for basic, physical properties. Broadbent was the first to describe human’s processing system using an information processing metaphor In this view, Broadbent proposed an early selection view of attention, such that humans process information with limited capacity and select information to be processed early.ĭue to this limited capacity, a selective filter is needed for information processing. Donald Broadbent based the development of the filter model from findings by Cherry, which was concerned with the issue of selective attention. ![]()
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